Rome pt.2

• Christians and Jews are monotheistic
• No laws to prevent people to hurt Christians
• As some places got more Christians, it became even more popular
• Some roman leaders started to become Christians
• Eventually, it becomes encourages
• In 313, Constantine, who was an emperor, is getting ready to go into battle
• The day before he saw a cross figure
• He may have heard "in his name"
• He has everyone paint a cross
• He issues a low called edict of Milan which executes the persecution of Christians
•  the leaders of the church start to get more power
• Kingdom of Christians
• Religion is like a government

Test

today is our test and im kinda scared about it. i studied really hard so i hope i do good

Even more notes

Where did the first group settle?

On the tiger river

What are the three groups that settled?

Greeks, Latin's and Etruscan

Who was Tarkin the proud and what was significant about him?

Last king and his son raped him

How did Rome move from a monarchy to a republic?

Res publica

Difference between plebeians and patricians

Patricians were the richer ones, upper class, land owners, connected with each other

Plebeians  were the middle class, lower class, small farmers, blue collar workers

Define:

Senate - were there for life

Consuls - 2 guys close to the monarchy, 1 year

Tribunes - there hundred, 2 years

What is important about the 12 tables?

Laws to protect plebeians

The constitution is based on their 12 tables

Forum is Rome's political center

The Roman Empire pt. 2

• Caligula was Tiberius adopted grandson
• Starts off ok
• Grants bonus' to the army
• He took away charges of treason
• Instituted transparency
• In the first seven months of reign was "completely blissful"
• He starts fighting with the senate
• He was somewhat insane
• He claimed to be a god
• Put a statue of himself in the Jewish Tempe
• Assassination by his own aids, AD 41 (age 28)
• Claudius wasn’t the most inspiring
• Limp, slightly deaf, speech impediment
• His own family made fun of him
• Because he was the last male in the Caesar family line, he became emperor
• He had a terrible marriage
• His wife wasn’t always loyal
• She wanted to have Claudius killed so her lover could become emperor
• Christianity and Judaism - monotheistic
• Romans had many gods
• Sometimes emperor declared themselves as a god
• There was no separation of church and state
• In AD 66 the Zealots, a group of Jews, rebelled
• Romans burned down their temple except for one wall
• The wall is the holiest place in Jewish system
• 1/2 of a million Jews died
• Romans were harsh to those who didn’t worship the emperor
• The Christians were viewed as a cult
• Their religion was secretive
• They were targeted
• Because of that, it became popular

Roman Empire

Assassination and Another Caesar

• Caesar became a Greek-style tyrant - there was a traditional and honorable way of getting rid of tyrants
• on the Ides of March, Caesar appeared in the Senate house (unarmed) and a crowd of senators struck him down with daggers
• his murder did not restore the Republic
• instead, his death produced another crop of warlords and more bouts of civil war
• The main contenders were Mark Anthony(once a commander under Caesar and now a consul; the leading assassin), Brutus and Cassius, and Caesars grandnephew and adopted son, Octavian Caesar
• Mark and Octavian were rival loyalists of Caesar 
• they soon joined forces against Caesars assassination; formed another triumvirate together with a lesser warlord, Marcus Lepidus; eliminated opponents in a new region of terror in Rome; and defeated Cassius and Brutus in a battle in Greece
• the triumvirs declared that they intended to "restore the Republic" but they also had the senate proclaim Caesar the "divine being"
• the partners then divided the Roman world with Octavian in Rome, Lepidus in North Africa and mark in Alexandria 
• their cooperation soon turned into rivalry 
• the balance of power began swinging to Octavian 
• Anthony's love affair with Cleopatra made him unpopular
• Octavian pushed Lepidus out of power and began expanding Rome's frontiers northward 
• in 31 B.C., the rulers of the two halves of Rome's empire went to war
• Octavian beat Anthony and Cleopatra 
• then both Anthony and Cleopatra committed suicide
• Octavian was now supreme warlord 

The Roman Peace

"The era of the Roman peace was one massive social, religious and cultural changes that would form a new pattern of western civilization."

• Augustus's new system of gov. kept many features of the Roman Republic, allowed subject peoples a good deal of self-rule, and brought Rome's destabilizing expansion to a halt. the result was 200 years of stability that modern scholars call the Roman Peace
• the roman version of Greco-roman civ. prevailed in the western territories and the Greek version was dominant in the east
• roman literature and art, philosophy and law, architecture and engendering were often inspired by Greek models, but roman achievements in these fields eventually equaled or surpassed the Greeks
• in the west, the native languages of conquered European barbarian people began to be replaced by Latin

the Rule of the Emperors 

Timeline

29-19 BC - Virgil composes the Aeneid

27 BC- end of roman republic and beginning of rule of roman emperors 

14 - Augustus dies and Tiberius takes over

62-70 - Jewish revolt against Rome

117 - under Trajan, roman empire reaches its great extent 

126 - pantheon built in Rome 

212 - all free inhabitants of roman empire are declared roman citizens

529 - Justinian's law code begins to be published, systematizing the laws of Rome

Today we didnt really do anything and we were at the cafeteria for half of the class because i think Mr. Schick had something to do in his room i guess.

The Roman Empire

• When he dies the power goes to Octavian
• That’s when it changes from republic to empire
• Octavian eventually became known as Caesar Augustus
• He is the first full on emperor
• His rule is known as that pax romana - a period of peace and prosperity
• They built roads, they had bricks that fit together so that they wouldn't wash away with the rain
• They also built aqueducts
• Easier for people to get around
• Got the roman legion to move quickly form one place to another
• 1/3 of the people in Rome were slaves
• He set up government to fix things like a road service
• Set up the first postal service
• He died around 14 A.D.
• Jesus was a roman citizen
• He begins his ministry at 30 years old
• Mainly the only people that mention Jesus was the gospels
• All the other things were low key
• He wasn't popular before he died
• Statements like "my kingdom is not of this world" make the Romans nervous and the began to plan his execution
• No one knows what happened with Jesus between the ages of 12 and 30
• Romans and Jews look at him as a threat