1.
Mostly fertile is not a characterization of Greece.
2. Approx. 3/4 of Greece is covered in mountains
3. Barbarians - The word came from the Greek "barbaros," which originally meant "Non-Greek."
4. Massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs defines megalithic structure
5. tribe refers to A social and political unit consisting of a group of communities held together by common interests, traditions, and real or mythical ties of kinship, A family-based group governed by a hereditary chieftians, A clan-based group prior to the advent of city-states in the Greek world and A group of warriors, related by blood, who are governed by a king or queen
6. Tribes were governed by all of the above (Warrior kings or queens , Chieftains, Tribal leaders chosen by warriors)
7. the first European barbarians to make contact with civilization were Greeks
8. China was not considered part of western civilization.
9. The Ionian Sea is just west of Greece
10. The Aegean Sea is east of Greece
11. Grain, vines, and olives were the major crops the Aegean people lived on
12. The Mycenaean civilization arose on the island of Crete
13. The Mycenaean civilization established settlements along the Greek mainland’s southern shore and on some islands
14. The Mycenaean civilization built massive walls to protect themselves from attack
15. A period of Greek history in which the population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use, is called the Dark Ages
16. the Greeks joined the Phoenicians group as the leading commercial and seafaring nation of the Mediterranean
17. in historical writing, the letter “c” might appear before a date, as in “c. 1500 BC.” this “c” means circa, around and about
18. Greek city-states dotted the coastlines around the Mediterranean Sea. These were called colonies
19. Although they varied in size, ancient Greek city-states most closely resembled counties
20. Oligarchy is a form of government in which a small group of citizens dominated, and the power of the majority was limited in various ways
21. democracy is a form of government in which decisions were made by the majority of adult male citizens.
22. Tyranny is a form of government in which a self-proclaimed dictator held power
23. monarchy is a form of government in which power is held by a single ruler, and is often passed along from father to son
24. Spartans used oligarchy
25. At age 7 Spartan males begin their military training
26. Athens was the wealthiest city-state in the ancient Greek world
27. the Parthenon was the high fortified citadel and religious center of an ancient Greek town
28. Peloponnese was the name of the southern peninsula where Sparta was located
29. triremes were massive fighting ships with three banks of oars, used to ram or board enemy ships.
30. a hoplite was a heavily armed and armored citizen-soldier of ancient Greece
SHORT ANSWER
1. you recall the time period when the Greek population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use. What years did this period begin and end? 1,100 - 700 B. C.
2. During the time period when writing fell out of use, the poet Homer is said to have told stories of the Trojan War, and of a war hero attempting to return to his home. What are the titles of these two stories?
Iliad and Odyssey
3. The word “Mediterranean” originally meant Middle of the Earth
4. What were prominent and long-established Athenian land-owners called? They were called aristocrats
